Innovative Surgical Solutions for Schwannoma at IBS Hospital

Question

What is Schwannoma (Trigeminal & Acoustic)?

Answer 1

Schwannomas are rare tumors that develop from the nerve sheath surrounding the cranial nerves at the base of the skull. These benign, or non-cancerous, tumors can also develop in other parts of the body. They are broadly classified into two types: Trigeminal Schwannomas and Acoustic Neuromas (also known as vestibular schwannomas).

Answer 2

The symptoms of Schwannomas vary according to the type of tumor:

Trigeminal Schwannomas typically present symptoms such as:

Trigeminal neuralgia or facial pain
Facial numbness
Vision problems;
Coordination difficulties

Acoustic Neuromas are characterized by symptoms including:

Hearing loss
Disturbed balance and coordination
Vertigo;
Facial numbness or weakness
Swallowing difficulties

Answer 3

In most cases, the underlying cause of Schwannomas remains unidentified. Approximately 90 percent of cases are sporadic. Genetic abnormalities associated with Schwannomas are commonly observed in individuals with certain genetic disorders, such as Carney Complex, Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2), and Schwannomatosis.

Answer 4

The two most common diagnostic methods for Schwannomas are:

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Computerized Tomography (CT scan)

In addition, doctors may recommend other tests, such as:

CT or MR Angiogram
Audiogram

Answer 5

Surgery is the preferred treatment for Trigeminal Schwannomas. Doctors often choose retrosigmoid craniotomy, but for smaller tumors, radiosurgery or stereotactic radiotherapy may be options. In cases of Acoustic Neuroma, surgical approaches like keyhole retrosigmoid craniotomy, radiosurgery, or other skull-based interventions can be employed.