Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis is categorized into four types:

• Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS): The initial episode signifying the onset of multiple sclerosis.
• Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS): The most prevalent type characterized by periodic flare-ups or relapses.
• Primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS):
• Manifests with a gradual progression of symptoms without occasional flare-ups.
• Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS): Frequently observed in individuals with RRMS, it involves a gradual worsening of symptoms with occasional flare-ups.

The symptoms of multiple sclerosis vary from one patient to another and tend to aggravate as the condition progresses. Common symptoms associated with multiple sclerosis include:

• Sensory Symptoms:
• Numbness in the limbs, especially on one side of the body
• Tingling sensation in the limbs
• Motor Symptoms:
• Changes in gait
• Impaired balance/coordination
• Muscle spasms and weakness
• Visual Symptoms:
• Problems with vision
• Other Symptoms:
• Shock-like sensation during certain neck movements
• Impaired bladder and bowel function
• Cognitive abnormalities

The exact cause of multiple sclerosis is not known, but certain factors have been linked to an increased risk of the disease. These factors include:

• Infection with specific viruses or bacteria
• Low levels of vitamin D
• Pre-existing immune system disorders
• Family history of multiple sclerosis
• Obesity, particularly in females
• Excessive smoking
• Genetic predisposition with faulty genes

Several medical conditions can present symptoms similar to those of multiple sclerosis, thereby complicating the diagnosis process. When a physician suspects multiple sclerosis in a patient, common diagnostic procedures that may be recommended include:

• Blood tests to assess the biomarkers linked with multiple sclerosis
• Lumbar puncture to analyse the cerebrospinal fluid for any abnormalities 
• Magnetic resonance imaging or MRI to detect lesions 
• Evoked potential tests to assess the response of the nervous system to external stimuli

At IBS Hospital, we provide exemplary care for multiple sclerosis patients with world-class modalities that manage symptoms and slow disease progression. Our comprehensive treatment plans, backed by research, ensure optimal outcomes. We deliver cutting-edge treatments and personalized care, empowering patients to improve their quality of life. Our multidisciplinary team collaborates to ensure the best possible results with compassionate support throughout the journey.
Our treatment approach encompasses the following key modalities:

• Disease-Modifying Therapies (DMTs): Our team employs FDA-approved drugs for long-term management, aiming to slow down disease progression, prevent new lesions, and reduce flare-ups
• Physical Rehabilitation: We offer specially designed rehabilitation programs that target improving gait, balance, and coordination. This rehabilitation focuses on enhancing muscle strength and helps patients adapt to changes associated with the disease
• Relapse Management Medication: In cases of severe flare-ups, we administer corticosteroids as part of our relapse management strategy
• Deep Brain Stimulation: For patients experiencing severe tremors related to multiple sclerosis and not responding to conventional treatments, DBS is recommended as an invasive therapeutic option