Epidural Stimulation

• In this procedure, electrical current is directed to specific parts of the body.
• A small chip, which is implanted over the protective coating of the spinal cord, facilitates the stimulation.
• The frequency and intensity of the electrical current are regulated using a remote control.
• Activation of the stimulator enables individuals with paralysis to move their legs. However, achieving this capability often requires extensive training.

Epidural stimulation offers a range of benefits, particularly for individuals with Spinal Cord injuries:

• Increased quality of life.
• Improves regulation of body temperature.
• Enhanced sexual function.
• Improved bladder control.
• Improvement in certain leg movements.

Neurostimulator: These devices generate electrical pulses based on programmable parameters. They are available in both rechargeable and non-rechargeable models.
Lead: A lead is a thin wire with a protective coating, featuring electrodes near its tip. The primary function of the electrodes is to transmit the electrical pulses to the targeted stimulation site.
Clinical Programmer: This tool is essential in the mapping process. It is used by healthcare professionals to program the implanted neurostimulator.
Patient Programmer: This device becomes particularly useful for patients when they return home, as it assists in continuing the rehabilitation process independently.

• In our spinal cord, there are circuits that process information independently, functioning without direct assistance from the brain.
• Epidural stimulation leverages the capability of these spinal reflexes. The electrical current administered is designed to  reactivate these spinal circuits.
• This reactivation facilitates the connection between the spinal cord and the brain, enabling some control over leg  movements.

While undergoing epidural stimulation, a patient should also receive supportive therapies and medications to facilitate full recovery. These include:

• Mapping to identify the optimal settings for the epidural stimulator
• Occupational therapy that focuses on improving daily living and working skills
• Aquatic therapy, a form of physical therapy performed in water to aid muscle and joint function
• Supplements that boost the immune system
• Tailor-made diet plans
• Acupuncture

The process of Epidural Stimulation is undertaken in spinal cord injury patients to improve functions related to cardiovascular and other autonomic nervous system aspects.