Epidural Stimulation

Question

What is Epidural Stimulation ?

Answer 1

Epidural stimulation represents a significant advancement in treating spinal cord injuries. This method involves delivering a continuous flow of electrical current to the lower part of the spinal cord, which has shown promising results in improving motor and sensory functions. Currently, it is considered one of the most effective treatments available for both complete and incomplete spinal cord injuries, offering new hope for recovery and rehabilitation.

Answer 2

In this procedure, electrical current is directed to specific parts of the body.
A small chip, which is implanted over the protective coating of the spinal cord, facilitates the stimulation.
The frequency and intensity of the electrical current are regulated using a remote control.
Activation of the stimulator enables individuals with paralysis to move their legs. However, achieving this capability often requires extensive training.

Answer 3

Epidural stimulation offers a range of benefits, particularly for individuals with Spinal Cord injuries:

Increased quality of life.
Improves regulation of body temperature.
Enhanced sexual function.
Improved bladder control.
Improvement in certain leg movements.

Answer 4

Neurostimulator: These devices generate electrical pulses based on programmable parameters. They are available in both rechargeable and non-rechargeable models.
Lead: A lead is a thin wire with a protective coating, featuring electrodes near its tip. The primary function of the electrodes is to transmit the electrical pulses to the targeted stimulation site.
Clinical Programmer: This tool is essential in the mapping process. It is used by healthcare professionals to program the implanted neurostimulator.
Patient Programmer: This device becomes particularly useful for patients when they return home, as it assists in continuing the rehabilitation process independently.

Answer 5

In our spinal cord, there are circuits that process information independently, functioning without direct assistance from the brain.
Epidural stimulation leverages the capability of these spinal reflexes. The electrical current administered is designed to reactivate these spinal circuits.
This reactivation facilitates the connection between the spinal cord and the brain, enabling some control over leg movements.

Answer 6

While undergoing epidural stimulation, a patient should also receive supportive therapies and medications to facilitate full recovery. These include:

Mapping to identify the optimal settings for the epidural stimulator
Occupational therapy that focuses on improving daily living and working skills
Aquatic therapy, a form of physical therapy performed in water to aid muscle and joint function
Supplements that boost the immune system
Tailor-made diet plans
Acupuncture

Answer 7

The process of Epidural Stimulation is undertaken in spinal cord injury patients to improve functions related to cardiovascular and other autonomic nervous system aspects.